结构调整2

ExampleCodes/1-Variables.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+var any_var;  // type is Any
+var number = 10; // type is Int
+number = "123";  // valid
+
+var number2 := 10; // specific type is Int
+var number3: Int = 10; // both is ok
+/* 
+number2 = 3.14;
+invalid!
+*/
+
+const Pi := 3.14; // recommended, auto detect type
+// equal -> const Pi: Double = 3.14;
+
+/*
+In fig, we have 13 builtin-type
+
+01  Any
+02  Null
+03  Int
+04  String
+05  Bool
+06  Double
+07  Function
+08  StructType
+09  StructInstance
+10  List
+11  Map
+12  Module
+13  InterfaceType
+
+3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11 are initable
+
+value system:
+    object is immutable
+    (included basic types: Int, String...)
+
+    `variable` is a name, refers to an object
+    assignment is to bind name to value
+    
+    Example: var a := 10;
+
+    [name] 'a' ---> variable slot (name, declared type, access modifier, [value) ---> ObjectPtr ---> raw Object class
+               bind                                                              bind (shared_ptr)
+
+    For example:
+        var a := 10;
+        var b := 10;
+
+        `a` and `b` reference to the same object in memory
+
+        a = 20;
+
+        now a refers to a new object (20, Int)
+
+        what about complex types?
+        they actually have same behaviors with basic types
+
+        var a := [1, 2, 3, 4];
+        var b := a;
+
+        > a
+          [1, 2, 3, 4]
+        > b
+          [1, 2, 3, 4]
+        
+        set a[0] to 5
+
+        > a
+          [5, 2, 3, 4]
+        > b
+          [5, 2, 3, 4]
+
+        Why did such a result occur?
+    
+        " `a` and `b` reference to the same object in memory "
+
+        If you wish to obtain a copy, use List {a} to deeply copy it
+*/

ExampleCodes/2-Function.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import std.io;
+
+func greeting(name:String) -> String
+{
+    return "Hello " + name + "!";
+}
+
+io.println(greeting("Fig"));
+
+func adder(x)
+{
+    return func (n) => x + n; // closure
+}
+
+const add2 = adder(2);
+io.println(add2(3));

ExampleCodes/3-Structure.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import std.io;
+
+struct Point
+{
+    x: Int; // type specifiers are optional
+    y: Int; // type specifiers are optional
+
+    // x and y are private fields, can only reached by internal context
+
+    public func toString() -> String
+    {
+        return "(" + (x as String) + "," + (y as String) + ")";
+    } 
+    // public func toString() {} is ok
+}
+
+// make points
+
+var p1 := new Point{1, 2};
+io.println(p1.toString()); // (1,2)
+
+var p2 := new Point{x: 2, y: 3};
+io.println(p2.toString()); // (2,3)
+
+var x := 114;
+var y := 514;
+
+var p3 := new Point{y, x}; // shorthand mode, can be unordered, auto match field and variable!
+//                 = Point{x: x, y: y}
+io.println(p3.toString()); // (114,514)

ExampleCodes/4-Interface.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+import std.io;
+
+interface Document
+{
+    getDepth() -> Int; // return type is necessary
+    getName() -> String;
+
+    /*  toString() -> String
+        {
+            // default implementation
+        }
+    */
+}
+
+struct File
+{
+    public depth: Int;
+    public name: String;
+}
+
+impl Document for File
+{
+    getDepth()
+    {
+        return depth;
+    }
+    getName()
+    {
+        return name;
+    }
+}
+
+struct Folder
+{
+    public depth: Int;
+    public name: String;
+    public childs: List = [];
+}
+
+impl Document for Folder
+{
+    getDepth()
+    {
+        return depth;
+    }
+
+    getName()
+    {
+        return name;
+    }
+}
+
+const root_folder := new Folder{
+    0,
+    "root",
+    [
+        new File{
+            1,
+            "joyo.txt"
+        },
+        new Folder{
+            2,
+            "joyoyo",
+            [
+                new File{
+                    3,
+                    "JOYO2.txt"
+                },
+                new Folder{
+                    3,
+                    "joyoyoyo"
+                    
+                },
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}; 
+
+func print_directory(root: Document)
+{
+io.print(" " * root.getDepth());
+io.println(root.getDepth(), root.getName());
+if root is Folder
+{
+    for var i := 0; i < root.childs.length(); i += 1
+    {
+        var child := root.childs[i];
+        print_directory(child);
+    }
+    
+}
+}
+
+print_directory(root_folder);

ExampleCodes/FigFig/main.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import std.io;
+
+import token {Token, TokenType};
+import tokenizer {Tokenizer};
+
+const src := "abc egaD";
+const tokenizer := new Tokenizer{src};
+
+const result := tokenizer.TokenizeAll();
+
+for var i := 0; i < result.length(); i += 1
+{
+    const tok := result[i];
+    io.printf("{}: {}\n", tok.literal, tok.type);
+}

ExampleCodes/FigFig/token.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+Example code: FigFig
+
+Token.fig
+Copyright (C) 2020-2026 PuqiAR
+
+*/
+struct _TokenTypes
+{
+    public EOF = -1;
+    public Identifier = 0;
+
+    public StringLiteral = 1;
+    public NumberLiteral = 2;
+    public True = 3;
+    public False = 4;
+    public Null = 5;
+    
+    public Plus = 6;
+    public Minus = 7;
+    public Asterisk = 8;
+    public Slash = 9;
+}
+
+public const TokenType := new _TokenTypes{};
+
+public struct Token
+{
+    public literal: String = "";
+    public type: Int = TokenType.EOF;
+} 

ExampleCodes/FigFig/tokenizer.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+Example code: FigFig
+
+Tokenizer.fig
+Copyright (C) 2020-2026 PuqiAR
+
+*/
+
+import token {Token, TokenType};
+
+func list_contains(lst: List, value: Any) -> Bool
+{
+    for var i := 0; i < lst.length(); i += 1
+    {
+        if lst[i] == value
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+func isspace(c: String) -> Bool
+{
+    return c == " " || c == "\n" || c == "\t";
+}
+
+func isalpha(c: String) -> Bool
+{
+    const alb := [
+        "a", "b", "c", "d",
+        "e", "f", "g", "h",
+        "i", "j", "k", "l",
+        "m", "n", "o", "p",
+        "q", "r", "s", "t",
+        "u", "v", "w", "x",
+        "y", "z",
+        "A", "B", "C", "D",
+        "E", "F", "G", "H",
+        "I", "J", "K", "L",
+        "M", "N", "O", "P",
+        "Q", "R", "S", "T",
+        "U", "V", "W", "X",
+        "Y", "Z"
+    ];
+    return list_contains(alb, c);
+}
+
+
+public struct Tokenizer
+{
+    src: String = "";
+    idx: Int = 0;
+
+    func next() -> Null 
+    {
+        idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    func hasNext() -> Bool 
+    {
+        return idx < src.length();
+    }
+
+    func produce() -> String
+    {
+        const tmp := src[idx];
+        idx += 1;
+        return tmp;
+    }
+
+    func current() -> String
+    {
+        return src[idx];
+    }
+
+    public func TokenizeAll() -> List
+    {
+        var output := [];
+
+        const push := func (tok: Token) => output.push(tok);
+
+        while hasNext()
+        {
+            while hasNext() && isspace(current())
+            {
+                next();
+            }
+            if isalpha(current())
+            {
+                var identi := "";
+                while hasNext() && isalpha(current())
+                {
+                    identi += produce();
+                }
+                push(new Token{identi, TokenType.Identifier});
+            }
+        }
+
+        return output;
+    }
+}

ExampleCodes/SpeedTest/fib.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import std.io;
+
+func fib(x:Int) -> Int
+{
+    if (x <= 1)
+    {
+        return x;
+    }
+    return fib(x-1) + fib(x-2);
+}
+
+var result := fib(25);
+io.println("result: ", result);

ExampleCodes/SpeedTest/fib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from time import time as tt
+
+def fib(x:int) -> int:
+    if x <= 1:  return x;
+    return fib(x-1) + fib(x-2)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    t0 = tt()
+    result = fib(30)
+    t1 = tt()
+    print('cost: ',t1-t0, 'result:', result)

ExampleCodes/SpeedTest/fibBenchmark.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import std.io;
+import std.time;
+import std.value;
+
+func benchmark(fn: Function, arg: Any) -> Null
+{
+    io.println("Testing fn:", fn, "with arg:", arg);
+    const start := time.now();
+    
+    const result := fn(arg);
+    
+    const end := time.now();
+    const duration := new time.Time{
+        end.since(start)
+    };
+    io.println("=" * 50);
+    io.println("fn returns:", result, "\n");
+    io.println("Cost:", duration.toSeconds(), "s");
+    io.println("     ", duration.toMillis(), "ms");
+}
+
+var memo := {};
+
+func fib_memo(x)
+{
+    if memo.contains(x)
+    {
+        return memo.get(x);
+    }
+    if x <= 1
+    {
+        memo[x] = x;
+        return x;
+    }
+    var result := fib_memo(x - 1) + fib_memo(x - 2);
+    memo[x] = result;
+    return result;
+}
+
+func fib_iter(n)
+{
+    var a := 0;
+    var b := 1;
+    for var i := 0; i < n; i = i + 1
+    {
+        var temp := a + b;
+        a = b;
+        b = temp;
+    }
+    return a;
+}
+
+func fib(x)
+{
+    if x <= 1
+    {
+        return x;
+    }
+    return fib(x - 1) + fib(x - 2);
+}
+
+func fib_tail(n, a=0, b=1) {
+    if n == 0 { return a; }
+    if n == 1 { return b; }
+    return fib_tail(n-1, b, a+b);
+}
+
+const n := 30;
+
+io.println("! fib(" + value.string_from(n) + "):");
+benchmark(fib, n);
+io.print("\n\n");
+
+io.println("! fib_memo(" + value.string_from(n) + "):");
+benchmark(fib_memo, n);
+io.print("\n\n");
+
+io.println("! fib_iter(" + value.string_from(n) + "):");
+benchmark(fib_iter, n);
+io.print("\n\n");
+
+io.println("! fib_tail(" + value.string_from(n) + "):");
+benchmark(fib_tail, n);
+io.print("\n\n");

ExampleCodes/SpeedTest/fibLoopTest.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import std.io;
+import std.value;
+
+var callCnt:Int = 0;
+func fib(x:Int) -> Int
+{
+    callCnt = callCnt + 1;
+    if (x <= 1)
+    {
+        return x;
+    }
+    return fib(x-1) + fib(x-2);
+} 
+
+var fibx:Int;
+io.print("input an index of fib ");
+fibx = value.int_parse(io.read());
+
+var cnt:Int = 0;
+io.println("test forever"); 
+while (true)
+{
+    cnt = cnt + 1;
+    io.println("test ", cnt,",result: ", fib(fibx));
+    io.println("func `fib` called ", callCnt);
+    callCnt = 0;
+}

ExampleCodes/use_std_test.fig

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import std.io;
+import std.test;
+
+var ascii_string_test := new test.Test{
+    "ascii_string_test",
+    func () => io.println("Hello," + " world!"),
+    2
+};
+
+var unicode_string_test := new test.Test{
+    "unicode_string_test",
+    func () => io.println("你好," + " 世界!"),
+    2
+};
+
+var unicode_string_inserting_test := new test.Test{
+    "unicode_string_inserting_test",
+    func (){
+        var str := "我是你的粑粑";
+        str.insert(1, "不");
+        return str;
+    },
+    "我不是你的粑粑"
+};
+
+var tests := [ascii_string_test, unicode_string_test, unicode_string_inserting_test];
+
+var tester := new test.Tester{tests};
+tester.TestAll();