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feat: 添加跳转指令支持及条件语句编译实现

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This commit is contained in:
PuqiAR
2026-02-20 17:02:13 +08:00
parent eb20993e27
commit abdb1d2fb0
8 changed files with 225 additions and 17 deletions
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1
src/Ast/Base.hpp
View File

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ namespace Fig
SourceLocation location;
virtual String toString() const = 0;
virtual ~AstNode(){};
};
struct Program;

13
src/Bytecode/Bytecode.hpp
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@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ namespace Fig
LoadK, // iABx 模式: R[A] = Constants[Bx]
Return, // iA 模式: 返回 R[A] 的值
Jmp, // iAsBx: ip += sBx 无条件跳转
JmpIfFalse, // iAsBx: 如果 R[A] 为假, ip += sBx
Mov, // iABx: R[A] = R[Bx]
Add, // iABC: R[A] = R[B] + R[C]
Sub, // iABC: R[A] = R[B] - R[C]
@@ -52,10 +55,18 @@ namespace Fig
}
// [OpCode: 8] [A: 8] [B: 8] [C: 8]
[[nodiscard]] inline constexpr Instruction iABC(OpCode op, std::uint8_t a, std::uint8_t b, std::uint8_t c)
[[nodiscard]] inline constexpr Instruction iABC(
OpCode op, std::uint8_t a, std::uint8_t b, std::uint8_t c)
{
return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(op) | (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(a) << 8)
| (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(b) << 16) | (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(c) << 24);
}
[[nodiscard]]
inline constexpr Instruction iAsBx(OpCode op, std::uint8_t a, std::int16_t sbx)
{
return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(op) | (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(a) << 8)
| (static_cast<std::uint32_t>(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(sbx)) << 16);
}
} // namespace Op
} // namespace Fig

56
src/Compiler/Compiler.hpp
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@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ namespace Fig
SourceManager &manager;
FuncState *current = nullptr; // 永远指向当前正在编译的上下文
public:
Compiler(String _fileName, SourceManager &_manager) : fileName(std::move(_fileName)), manager(_manager)
Compiler(String _fileName, SourceManager &_manager) :
fileName(std::move(_fileName)), manager(_manager)
{
// 初始化顶级作用域
current = new FuncState("global", nullptr);
@@ -196,7 +197,9 @@ namespace Fig
{
if (it->depth < current->scopeDepth && !it->isPublic)
{
assert(false && "ResolveLocal: Attempt to access a private variable from an outer scope!");
assert(
false
&& "ResolveLocal: Attempt to access a private variable from an outer scope!");
}
return it->reg;
@@ -204,7 +207,9 @@ namespace Fig
}
// 如果在本 Frame 没找到，那就是外层函数的变量 (闭包 Upvalue) 或者全局变量 (Global)。
assert(false && "ResolveLocal: Variable not found in current frame (Upvalue/Global not implemented yet)!");
assert(
false
&& "ResolveLocal: Variable not found in current frame (Upvalue/Global not implemented yet)!");
return UINT8_MAX;
}
@@ -221,6 +226,33 @@ namespace Fig
return reg;
}
// 发射一条跳转指令，并返回它在代码数组里的绝对索引 (Index)
int EmitJump(OpCode op, std::uint8_t aReg = 0)
{
// 预填 0
Emit(Op::iAsBx(op, aReg, 0));
return current->proto->code.size() - 1;
}
// 填真实偏移量到那条指令里
void PatchJump(int instructionIndex)
{
// 目标地址就是当前代码数组的末尾
int target = current->proto->code.size();
// 相对偏移量 = 目标地址 - 指令自身所在的地址 - 1
// (因为 VM 里的 ip 在取指后会自动 +1，所以偏移要减去 1)
int offset = target - instructionIndex - 1;
if (offset < INT16_MIN || offset > INT16_MAX)
{
assert(false && "PatchJump: Jump offset exceeds 16-bit signed limit!");
}
Instruction &inst = current->proto->code[instructionIndex];
inst = (inst & 0x0000FFFF)
| (static_cast<Instruction>(static_cast<std::uint16_t>(offset)) << 16);
}
SourceLocation makeSourceLocation(AstNode *node)
{
SourceLocation location = node->location; // copy
@@ -232,14 +264,19 @@ namespace Fig
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileIdentiExpr(IdentiExpr *);
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileLiteral(LiteralExpr *);
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileAssignment(InfixExpr *); // 编译赋值，由 CompileInfixExpr调用
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileAssignment(
InfixExpr *); // 编译赋值，由 CompileInfixExpr调用
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileInfixExpr(InfixExpr *);
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileLeftValue(Expr *); // 左值对象，可以是变量、结构体字段或模块对象
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileLeftValue(
Expr *); // 左值对象，可以是变量、结构体字段或模块对象
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> CompileExpr(Expr *);
/* Statements */
Result<void, Error> CompileVarDecl(VarDecl *);
Result<void, Error> CompileBlockStmt(BlockStmt *);
Result<void, Error> CompileIfStmt(IfStmt *);
Result<void, Error> CompileStmt(Stmt *);
};
@@ -270,6 +307,15 @@ namespace Fig
std::cout << std::format("R{:<3} K[{}]", a, bx);
break;
}
case OpCode::Jmp:
case OpCode::JmpIfFalse: {
// iAsBx
std::int16_t sbx = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(inst >> 16);
std::cout << std::format("R{:<3} [{}]", a, sbx);
break;
}
case OpCode::Add:
case OpCode::Sub:
case OpCode::Mul:

17
src/Compiler/ExprCompiler.cpp
View File

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ namespace Fig
}
return ResolveLocal(ie->name);
}
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileLiteral(LiteralExpr *lit) // 编译字面量, 负责转换 token -> Value
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileLiteral(
LiteralExpr *lit) // 编译字面量, 负责转换 token -> Value
{
const Token &token = lit->token;
String lexeme = manager.GetSub(token.index, token.length);
@@ -56,9 +57,10 @@ namespace Fig
std::int32_t i = std::stoi(lexeme.toStdString());
v = Value::FromInt(i);
}
else
{
assert("false" && "CompileLiteral: unsupport literal");
v = Value::GetNullInstance();
}
std::uint8_t targetReg = AllocReg();
std::uint16_t kIndex = AddConstant(v);
@@ -66,7 +68,8 @@ namespace Fig
Emit(Op::iABx(OpCode::LoadK, targetReg, kIndex));
return targetReg;
}
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileAssignment(InfixExpr *infix) // 编译赋值，由 CompileInfixExpr调用
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileAssignment(
InfixExpr *infix) // 编译赋值，由 CompileInfixExpr调用
{
// op必须为 =
const auto &_lhsReg = CompileLeftValue(infix->left); // 必须为左值对象
@@ -172,7 +175,8 @@ namespace Fig
}
return resultReg;
}
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileLeftValue(Expr *expr) // 左值对象，可以是变量、结构体字段或模块对象
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileLeftValue(
Expr *expr) // 左值对象，可以是变量、结构体字段或模块对象
{
switch (expr->type)
{
@@ -185,7 +189,8 @@ namespace Fig
makeSourceLocation(expr)));
}
}
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileExpr(Expr *expr) // 编译表达式，必定返回一个存放结果的寄存器 ID
Result<std::uint8_t, Error> Compiler::CompileExpr(
Expr *expr) // 编译表达式，必定返回一个存放结果的寄存器 ID
{
switch (expr->type)
{

120
src/Compiler/StmtCompiler.cpp
View File

@@ -37,6 +37,117 @@ namespace Fig
}
return Result<void, Error>();
}
Result<void, Error> Compiler::CompileBlockStmt(BlockStmt *blockStmt)
{
for (Stmt *stmt : blockStmt->nodes)
{
const auto &result = CompileStmt(stmt);
if (!result)
{
return result;
}
}
return {};
}
Result<void, Error> Compiler::CompileIfStmt(IfStmt *stmt)
{
/*
if cond1
{
}
else if cond2 #1
{
}
else if cond3 #2
{
}
else #3
{
}
quit #4
Bytecode:
JmpIfFalse cond1 #1
; consequent内容
; ...
; if条件为true, 跳过所有 else/elseif
Jmp #4
; #1
JmpIfFalse cond2 #2
; consequent
Jmp #4
; #2
JmpIfFalse cond3 #3
; consequent
Jmp #4
; #3
; 没有一次执行分支
; else部分
; ...
#4
*/
std::vector<int> exitJumps; // 所有分支都要跳到最后，收集所有jump最后回填
const auto &condResult = CompileExpr(stmt->cond);
if (!condResult)
{
return std::unexpected(condResult.error());
}
std::uint8_t condReg = *condResult;
int jumpToNext = EmitJump(OpCode::JmpIfFalse, condReg);
FreeReg(condReg);
const auto &blockResult = CompileStmt(stmt->consequent);
if (!blockResult)
{
return blockResult;
}
exitJumps.push_back(EmitJump(OpCode::Jmp)); // 执行完if直接跳到出口
PatchJump(jumpToNext); // 回填，跳到下一个else/elseif
for (auto *elif : stmt->elifs)
{
const auto &elifCondResult = CompileExpr(elif->cond);
if (!elifCondResult)
return std::unexpected(elifCondResult.error());
std::uint8_t elifCondReg = *elifCondResult;
jumpToNext = EmitJump(OpCode::JmpIfFalse, elifCondReg);
FreeReg(elifCondReg);
const auto &blockResult = CompileStmt(elif->consequent);
if (!blockResult)
{
return blockResult;
}
exitJumps.push_back(EmitJump(OpCode::Jmp)); // 执行完else if，跳到出口
PatchJump(jumpToNext); // 跳到下一个分支
}
if (stmt->alternate)
{
const auto &result = CompileStmt(stmt->alternate);
if (!result)
{
return result;
}
}
for (int exitIndex : exitJumps)
{
PatchJump(exitIndex); // 回填所有跳转出口的指令
}
return {};
}
Result<void, Error> Compiler::CompileStmt(Stmt *stmt) // 编译语句
{
if (stmt->type == AstType::ExprStmt)
@@ -48,11 +159,20 @@ namespace Fig
{
return std::unexpected(result.error());
}
FreeReg(*result);
}
else if (stmt->type == AstType::VarDecl)
{
return CompileVarDecl(static_cast<VarDecl *>(stmt));
}
else if (stmt->type == AstType::BlockStmt)
{
return CompileBlockStmt(static_cast<BlockStmt *>(stmt));
}
else if (stmt->type == AstType::IfStmt)
{
return CompileIfStmt(static_cast<IfStmt *>(stmt));
}
return Result<void, Error>();
}
}; // namespace Fig

2
src/Parser/StmtParser.cpp
View File

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ namespace Fig
}
if (!match(TokenType::RightParen))
{
delete *result;
return std::unexpected(Error(ErrorType::SyntaxError,
"unclosed parenthese in if condition",
"insert `)`",
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ namespace Fig
state = State::ParsingIf;
if (!match(TokenType::RightParen))
{
delete *result;
return std::unexpected(Error(ErrorType::SyntaxError,
"unclosed parenthese in if condition",
"insert `)`",

25
src/VM/VM.cpp
View File

@@ -89,12 +89,34 @@ namespace Fig
case OpCode::Exit: {
return Value::GetNullInstance();
}
case OpCode::LoadK: {
std::uint16_t bx = decodeBx(inst);
registers[a] = k[bx]; // constants
break;
}
case OpCode::Return: {
return registers[a];
}
case OpCode::Jmp: {
std::int16_t sbx = decodeSBx(inst);
ip += sbx;
break;
}
case OpCode::JmpIfFalse: {
Value &v = registers[a];
bool cond = v.AsBool(); // 条件类型 Compiler检查
if (!cond)
{
std::int16_t sbx = decodeSBx(inst);
ip += sbx;
}
break;
}
case OpCode::Mov: {
std::uint16_t bx = decodeBx(inst);
registers[a] = registers[bx];
@@ -113,9 +135,6 @@ namespace Fig
BINARY_COMPARE_OP(GreaterEqual, >=);
BINARY_COMPARE_OP(LessEqual, <=);
case OpCode::Return: {
return registers[a];
}
default: {
assert(false && "VM: Unknown OpCode encountered!");

4
src/VM/VM.hpp
View File

@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ namespace Fig
{
return (inst >> 24) & 0xFF;
}
inline std::int16_t decodeSBx(Instruction inst)
{
return static_cast<std::int16_t>(inst >> 16);
}
public:
// 执行入口：接收 Proto